This article is over 5 years old and may contain outdated information.

Science & Tech

'Marsquakes' could point the way to life on the red planet

Researchers say the presence of stored hydrogen in ancient fractured rocks on Earth has implications for possible Martian microbes

  • Sep 30, 2016
  • 413 words
  • 2 minutes
An example of pseudotachylite Expand Image
Advertisement
Advertisement
Advertisement

When it comes to geological processes, Earth and Mars have a lot in common, including a history of seismic activity. Now, new research suggests the sites of ‘Marsquakes’ could be a good place to begin looking for evidence of life on the red planet. 

An international team of scientists that included Nigel Blamey, an assistant professor in the Department of Earth Sciences at Ontario’s Brock University, analyzed rock samples from ancient meteorite impact craters and seismic zones in Scotland, South Africa and Sudbury, Ont., and confirmed that the friction caused by major seismic events produces rock containing hydrogen — a potential food for simple life forms. 

So-called “hydrogenotrophs” — organisms that are able to metabolize hydrogen as an energy source — were among the earliest forms of life on Earth and still exist deep in its crust. Blamey and fellow researchers Sean McMahon and John Parnell from the University of Aberdeen, Scotland, say their findings, published this month in the journal Astrobiology, indicate there’s a good chance the conditions that could support hydrogenotrophs are also present beneath the surface of Mars. 

“If we want to find life on Mars, we need to look for two things: water and an energy source,” Blamey explains. Last year, NASA scientists confirmed the presence of liquid subsurface water on Mars; the Aberdeen study suggests that the best place to look for an energy source — in this case, hydrogen — would be in faults and craters similar to those the researchers analyzed on Earth. 

“Marsquakes will certainly fracture the rock, and there’s potential there for hydrogen, so from our perspective, this is one of the targets that could possibly be used to go looking for life,” Blamey says. 

The Aberdeen study zeroed in on pseudotachylite, a type of glass-like rock formed by intense friction, for example from a powerful earthquake or meteorite impact. Pseudotachylites from the three study sites were consistently found to contain more hydrogen than other rocks in the control group — the more friction there had been, the more hydrogen. 

The tectonics of Mars are still a matter of debate, but McMahon, the study’s lead author, says it’s likely pseudotachylites would be present around the many cracks and craters in the planet’s rocky surface.

In 2018, NASA plans to launch its Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport (InSight) mission, which will study the deep interior of Mars. Blamey says his team is hopeful NASA will consider their research when selecting targets for investigation.

Advertisement

Help us tell Canada’s story

You can support Canadian Geographic in 3 ways:

Related Content

Heinrich Scherer's 1702 chart of the North Pole

People & Culture

Why the North Pole matters: An important history of challenges and global fascination

In this essay, noted geologist and geophysicist Fred Roots explores the significance of the symbolic point at the top of the world. He submitted it to Canadian Geographic just before his death in October 2016 at age 93.

  • 5167 words
  • 21 minutes

People & Culture

Layers of meaning: Francine McCarthy on the Anthropocene

The geology professor is a key mover and shaker in what is possibly the biggest geological announcement of our generation, with Ontario’s tiny Crawford Lake being chosen as the global ground zero Earth’s most recent geological time period

  • 3029 words
  • 13 minutes
a silhouetted carbon capture industrial plant against a white mountain background as the sun rises, casting a warm glow over the landscape

Environment

The truth about carbon capture

Carbon capture is big business, but its challenges fly in the face of the need to lower emissions. Can we square the circle on this technological Wild West?

  • 5042 words
  • 21 minutes
A grizzly bear lies dead on the side of the road

Wildlife

Animal crossing: Reconnecting North America’s most important wildlife corridor

This past summer an ambitious wildlife under/overpass system broke ground in B.C. on a deadly stretch of highway just west of the Alberta border. Here’s how it happened.

  • 3638 words
  • 15 minutes
Advertisement
Advertisement