Travel

Exploring Ontario’s historic Rideau Canal by houseboat: A scenic journey through Canadian history

Cruise through Canada’s past on a multi-generational houseboat adventure along the UNESCO-listed Rideau Canal, where history, charming towns and slow travel collide

  • Jul 03, 2025
  • 1,655 words
  • 7 minutes
Mooring at the top of Chaffey's Lock for the night. (Photo: Robin Esrock)
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In the 1820s, facing the threat of an American invasion from upstate New York, British forces in Upper Canada raced to defend their territory. The United States had planned to advance along the St. Lawrence River, aiming to cut off Montreal from the naval base in Kingston. In response, Canada undertook a staggering feat of engineering: the construction of the 202-kilometre Rideau Canal, linking the Ottawa River to Kingston and creating a protected military and trade route through the backcountry. Two centuries later, amid unprecedented political turmoil with our southern neighbour, it’s the right time to visit the Rideau Canal, navigating its history, scenery, small towns and locks from the comfort of a rental houseboat.

There’s never a wrong time for three generations to take on an iconic Canadian bucket list adventure.

Le Boat's Horizon houseboats lined up at the company's HQ in Smith Falls. (Photo: Robin Esrock)
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“I can’t believe they’re going to let us just take this thing,” says my older brother, captaining Le Boat’s 13.5 metre-long Horizon 4 vessel out of the docks in Smith Falls, Ont. Le Boat, a European-based company with the world’s largest rental fleet of canal boats, does not require guests to have boating experience or a special license. You will, however, need to watch a safety video, sign prerequisite waivers, put down damage deposits and pay attention at the orientation. With four ensuite cabins and a fully equipped kitchen, the Horizon 4 easily accommodates our family of seven, spanning a 70-year age range (Le Boat also offers boats of various sizes for different groups). Simple steering and helpful thrusters allow even the most nervous newbie to operate the houseboat with uncanny precision.

Our plan is to head south along the Rideau from Le Boat’s headquarters in the eastern Ontario town of Smith Falls, and return a week later. Stocked up with groceries, gas, water, propane and bicycles, the houseboats offer fantastic flexibility, allowing us to point our bow wherever curiosity might take us. Travelling south along the Rideau River provides a landscape of scenic islands, colourful communities, warm-water lakes, wetlands, and numerous locks to keep us on our toes. 

Le Boat making its way through The Narrows Lock. (Photo: Robin Esrock)
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It took six years for workers to complete the Rideau Canal, using an innovative dam slackwater system instead of digging channels around problematic rapids. Forty-five locks gently raise boats 83 metres up from the Ottawa River and lower them 50 metres downstream towards Kingston. Overseen by Royal Engineer Colonel John By, who supervised thousands of Irish, Scottish and French-Canadian workers, the slackwater strategy required less workers or financial capital. It was completed at a cost of £822,804 (a bargain CA$57 million in today’s money) but also took an estimated one thousand lives, mostly victims of malaria, as workers painstakingly cut dams and locks across mosquito-infested swampland.

This incredible effort and sacrifice can be seen all along the existing route, with the preserved locks, historic fortified lockmaster houses, and friendly Parks Canada employees manually operating the winches from May to October (read about how locks work). As a fully operational example of early 18th-century canal building, the Rideau Canal’s construction and historical significance were recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site in 2007. 

The Rideau Canal features large lakes and narrow waterways, providing an opportunity to spot wildlife such as turtles and birds. (Photo: Robin Esrock)
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Successfully navigating our first lock outside of Smith Falls, the Rideau River flattens into a sprawling wetland that reminds me of the Okavango Delta. Great blue herons fly overhead, and an osprey gracefully dives into the water to snatch an unsuspecting fish. Broods of Canada geese usher goslings across the channel, red-winged blackbirds dart between tall grasses, loons dip beneath the water and common map turtles swim by the shallow edges. Even at full throttle, our houseboat seldom exceeds 10 km/hr, a relaxing pace that invites wildlife viewing, meditation and conversation, along with tanning, reading and picnicking on the upper deck.

Once we cross the Poonamalie Lockstation, the channel opens up into the Lower and Big Rideau lakes, inviting the kids to swim in clear, silky freshwater. We’d timed our visit in late June, before summer holidays attract thousands of eager boaters and cottagers. As a result, we rarely saw any traffic, and at times it felt like we had the waterways of eastern Ontario all to ourselves. Each lock has a different character, but as we tangled with our ropes and thrusters, the smiles, helpful tips, and enthusiasm of Parks Canada’s strapping lockmasters remained reliably consistent. In Newboro (a small community about 90 minutes southwest of Ottawa), we rode our bikes to Kilborn’s, an eclectic country store with something for everyone. 

Mooring for the night in the town of Westport, we restocked our fridge with fresh groceries and refreshed at an excellent, award-winning brewery overlooking the bay. “This is the good life,” says my father, enjoying his scotch and a cuddle from his granddaughter.

I get lost navigating narrow channels among dozens of islands in Newboro Lake on our way to Chaffey’s Lock, where we can pump out waste and refill our water tanks. We have GPS to guide us, thanks to reliable regional cell service. But even with Le Boat’s large on-board map book, I still miss an important crossing between two islands. Cue the heckling and ribbing; it hasn’t taken long for everyone on board to become an experienced captain, kids included.

Houseboating is an opportunity for discovery, quality family time, and, of course, grandma's sandwiches. (Photo: Robin Esrock)
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As a result, we miss the lock hours at Chaffey’s, so moor at the top with another Le Boat and spend the evening swimming, feeding fish and strolling to the nearby Opinicon Restaurant for delicious homemade ice-cream. The region is quiet and relaxing, but locals tell us it does get very busy in July and August, so visiting in the shoulder months requires less advance planning. It’s also cooler. Le Boat houseboats have an air-cooling system, not air-conditioning, which is something to consider in peak summer. I thought about sleeping on the upper deck under the stars, but the mosquitoes of June were not nearly as accommodating.

With fine spring weather expected to turn, we make the decision to head back, stopping for a night at the jetties of Colonel By Island. Cue swimming and frisbee on the lawn, grilled steak on the deck, and conversation with another family of experienced Le Boaters, gathered for their own Rideau adventure.

Merricksville, situated on the Rideau Canal, has been described as one of the prettiest towns in Canada. (Photo: Robin Esrock)
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Back in Smith Falls, there’s time to visit the interactive Railway Museum of Eastern Ontario, for the kids to swim with locals at a floating jetty off Murphy Park, and the ladies to buy gifts from a pop-up craft market. We spend the final day heading east across the Smith Falls Combined Lock, at 7.9 metres, the tallest lock in the system. We will also cross the system’s smallest lock (0.6m at Kilmarnock) on our way to Merrickville, which deserves the accolades as one of the most charming villages in the country. It’s another great day of slow travel on the canal, tinged with a bittersweet tang that it will be our last.

Much like houseboating on B.C.’s Shuswap Lake, Le Boat allows extended families to travel in comfort with the kitchen sink. Yet, the Rideau Canal offers a more diverse landscape, rural communities, and a hands-on adventure steeped in Canadian history. Despite challenges during construction, the waterway officially opened in May 1832, just as the tides were shifting.

Part of the charm is exploring small towns, like Westport, with every stop. (Photo: Raquel Esrock)
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Relations with the U.S. dramatically improved, and the country shelved their plans to invade. New shipping routes created more options for defence on the St. Lawrence River, and the canal’s military use became obsolete. That said, the Rideau Canal sent a clear message to the U.S. that Britain would invest heavily in the defence of its North American colony, resulting in a culture of proud independence that Canada continues to demonstrate today. It also became an important trade, migrant and passenger route across Upper Canada, later the province of Ontario.

Today, the Rideau Canal remains a bucket list destination for recreational boaters, tourists and history buffs, not to mention families visiting from across Canada, Europe, and yes, the U.S. too.

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